The Chinuch end of mitzvah #389 assumes
the same prohibition applies to a kohan that does a different kohan’s job. However, the Rambam omits such a law. The Brisker Rav says that the Rambam
disagrees with the Chinuch. There is a
difference between the job of the levi vs. that of the kohan. The Rambam in the Laws of Kli Mikdash (3:9)
explains that the leviem are appointed by the heads of the families to their tasks. The kohanim though, aren’t chosen for a
specific task, they are chosen for their task by a lottery. We see from here that a levi is appointed and
defined to one task and is prohibited to do a different task. However, a kohan that isn’t appointed to one
task, he merely gains the opportunity to serve for the day via the lottery, isn’t
tied to one task and therefore may do a different kohan’s job.
The Chinuch will hold like the Ramban
(mitzvah #36) that holds that there is an appointment for kohanim as well and
therefore there is a prohibition on the kohan to change jobs.
We can derive from this law a
lesson in the importance of seder.
Everyone that had a specific job had to stick to his part and not
deviate from the order he was supposed to do.
This is the lesson of the degalim as well. Each tribe had a specific location that was
designated to them and they had to keep to that specific location (see Mishnas
Rav Aharon.)
In the words of the intro. to the Daas Torah of Rav Yeruchem Levovitz to Sefer Bamidbar:
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